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Balancing

What?
The International Standards Organisation defines unbalance as:

“That condition which exists in a rotor when vibratory force or motion is imparted to its bearings as a result of centrifugal forces.”

A more popular definition is:

“The uneven distribution of mass about a rotor’s rotating centerline.”

The rotating centerline can be defined as the axis about which the rotor would rotate if not constrained by its bearings.

A secondary centerline, often referred to as the geometric centerline (the physical centerline of the rotor) also exists.

  • When these two centerlines coincide, the rotor will be in a state of balance.
  • When they are apart, the rotor will be unbalanced.

 

AS-440 Analyser

Why?
Any component that rotates needs to be in a state of balance to ensure smooth running when in operation.

Benefits associated with a well balanced, smooth running rotor are:

  • Minimise vibration - Unbalance is still the major source of machine vibration.
  • Minimise noise - Airborne noise is often directly attributable to mechanical vibration.
  • Minimise structural stress - The forces produced by unbalance have to be absorbed by the surrounding structure.
  • Minimise operator fatigue and annoyance - Exposure to high levels of vibration and noise affects operator efficiency.
  • Increase machine life - The time between outages can be extended if the machine is running smoothly.
  • Increase bearing life - Bearings bear the brunt of the unbalance forces.
  • Increase product quality - Minimum vibration, especially on machine tools, produces better parts.
  • Increase personnel safety - Dangers associated with machine failure are minimised.
  • Increase productivity - Machines running smoothly have more “uptime” availability
  • Lower operating costs - Extra machines are not required “just in case” of breakdowns. Spare capacity is kept to a minimum. Energy consumption is reduced.

Everything that rotates needs to be in a state of balance to ensure smooth running when in operation.

Data Retrieval and Analysis

Stored data can be transferred to a PC via USB, Infra Red (IrDA), RS232 serial ports or memory card. The data is in comma separated values (*.csv) but will appear as a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

The data can be used in various ways. For example;

  • Plotting vibration data versus machines tested to trend changes in quality
  • Viewing vibration spectra to make to diagnose a problem
  • Archival of reference vibration signatures for future comparison with data taken after installation or service period

 

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